Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS)

Principle:

TPS utilizes focused ultrasound shockwave to stimulate or modulate specific brain regions. It is a relatively newer technique that can target deeper or more precise brain structures compared to magnetic or electrical methods.

Mechanism:

The ultrasound pulses induce mechanical effects on neuronal membranes, promoting neuroplasticity and increasing metabolic activity in targeted areas. This method can stimulate or modulate brain circuits involved in cognition, mood, or motor control, depending on the application.

Safety:

Preliminary studies suggest TPS is safe with minimal discomfort. However, as it is a relatively new modality, ongoing research continues to assess its safety profile thoroughly. It typically involves a non-invasive application with no significant risks; however, proper targeting and parameters are critical to avoid unintended effects.